The Risk of Saving Americans

These days, and perhaps it has always been this way, President Obama can do nothing to impress the ravenous denizens of Washington, aside from resigning. The latest issue plaguing the president is the rescue of Army Sergeant Bowe Bergdahl. Bergdahl was held prisoner by the Taliban in Afghanistan for five years, but through talks and a swap of prisoners, he was released back to his country. There are many questions left unanswered about this entire ordeal, but the main complaint is that President Obama negotiated with terrorists, which is a maxim that has become indoctrinated into the American psyche. As will be shown, this blanket statement is untrue, unwise, and unhelpful.

The return of a missing in action U.S. service member is normally a cause for celebration, but that celebration was short lived and Bergdahl has not become an American darling. According to notes sent home to his family, the young sergeant had become disillusioned with the war and questioned America’s involvement in it. What happened next is still undetermined, yet Bergdahl left his post, either on accident or on purpose. While this is a military crime, thinking he did not deserve rescuing for such a notion, goes against every utterance of “leave no man behind’. There is the fact that soldiers died looking for Bergdahl which is heartbreaking, but did he deserve to be left with his captors for such reasons?

Obama’s Balancing Act:

President Obama is consistently called weak by his opponents, yet when he makes a strong move to save an American citizen, he oversteps his boundaries. Obama doesn’t even live on a razor’s edge between right and wrong, because that would imply there is actually a middle ground, free from criticism. Bergdahl was also criticized for his negative views on America and the ‘War on Terror’. The fact that someone in a war, began to hate said war, is as common as soldier’s being afraid of dying. Bergdahl is protected by the sanctity of the first amendment, but because of what he said, he is somehow seen as a “bad” American.

The legal ramifications of Obama’s actions have been received as more troubling than his moral ones, however. Bergdahl was traded for five Taliban members who had been in Guantanamo Bay prison since 2001. This move is being heralded as irresponsible, since the terrorists were reintroduced to the wild and, of course, their next step is to bring revenge against Americans. While this may or may not be true, let’s make an educated bet that America can stop this threat. Regarding all the bravado that is American exceptionalism, politicians act scared whenever there is talk about enemies testing our defenses. America’s military, defense, domestic and international surveillance budgets are astronomically high, so let’s hope they are good enough to stop five washed up terrorists.

There is also the fact that Congress must be told about the removal of Guantanamo prisoners 30 days in advance. The White House apologized for going it alone, a bad precedent to set, but one that meant something will actually get done, since Congress would have shut it down immediately. That is, after all, the only thing they are good at these days. The major foil here is the almighty “the U.S. does not negotiate with terrorist” clause. At face value this seems like an easy mandate to follow, but why has this become the norm?

To Deal with Terrorist or Not To Deal with Terrorists:

The historical record shows that the American government has dealt with terrorists in the past to ensure the end of the Iranian hostage crisis as well as many other situations similar to the Bergdahl case. This clause is supposed to show how America is too strong and clear of concious to deal with such dirty enterprises, but this is an unhelpful sentiment. A good foreign policy means that all options are open because American safety is paramount. Time will tell if the President’s decision will cause any more danger, but the immediate results have made one American safer.

Another facet of this issue is the dulling of the warhawk’s notions that every enemy is completely evil. The Taliban are terrible, and have committed atrocities, but this small sign of decency adds a dash of humanity to their image and, for most Americans, it is a lot easier to fight monsters. The Taliban should not be off the hook for all they’ve done, though perhaps this swap has credited the smallest bit of goodwill that could blossom in the future.

It’s hard to call this a shrewd political move because of all the fallout, except President Obama did accomplish some political goals with the swap. The issue of the prison at Guantanamo Bay has been a sore reminder of failed initiatives that candidate Obama endorsed. Yet, Obama has lessened the amount of prisoners currently being held indefinitely, while saving an American soldier. If more deals like this could be made to end the human rights violation that is Gitmo Prison, while saving Americans abroad, the decision should be repeated. But in such a toxic political climate, this was probably the first and last time.

Bergdahl’s fellow soldiers call him a deserter and want him court martialed. Politicians on both sides of the aisle criticized the President’s decision to protect his citizens. Yet, an American’s life was saved. It’s sad that a scared young man, who has been through unspeakable hells, might have been better off in the clutches of terrorists instead of back in his country.

The Egyptian Autocracy Cycle

Yesterday, the Egyptian government sentenced 683 members of the Muslim Brotherhood to death for their roles in numerous clashes with the government.  Egypt was the largest Middle Eastern country to depose their autocratic ruler during the ‘Arab Spring’ revolutions, but it is not clear that any real progress has been made since the smoke cleared from the streets.

Dark Times On The Banks Of The Nile:

The Muslim Brotherhood has a storied history within Egyptian politics.  They were once part of subversive actions against the government, but recently have softened their Islamist agenda for a cohesive, stable Egypt. This message, in turn, led to huge political gains for the party after the ‘Arab ‘Spring’.

In Egypt’s first true democratic presidential election, Mohamed Morsi, a member of the Muslim Brotherhood, took home first prize, but power went to Morsi’s head. He granted himself unlimited and unchecked powers to ensure no one tried to harm the fledgling democracy.

Protesters once again took to the streets to rid themselves of another incompetent leader.  The military decreed that Morsi had forty-eight hours to leave his position or else they would intervene.  Morsi fled and the military once again took control of Egypt. This is exactly how power was obtained in the 1950’s and maintained until that one  fateful, tumultuous spring.

The cycle of bad governance in Egypt continues to spin as the military leaders ‘guarding’ the country are systematically eliminating their enemies.  The secular military and religious groups have never seen eye to eye, but there seemed to be a flicker of hope after the ousting of the entrenched government.  As evident by sending almost 700 people to death, the battle rages on.

As reported by Egyptian Streets, over 400 governmental security forces have been killed within the past nine months, as well as 1,000 civilians in clashes between the government, the Muslim Brotherhood, and neutral protestors; the amount of those in government captivity is estimated to be 20,000.

Just because the government sentenced these citizens to death does not spell certain doom for them just yet.  Every member can appeal their sentence, but with an already bias court, it looks grim.  These egregious moves by the military do not set a good precedent for the future of Egypt.  A few weeks past, the government similarily condemned 529 members of the brotherhood to death, but only thirty seven have had their sentneces confirmed.  Whether or not these men are guilty of  killing state sponsored security forces, the judicial process has been tainted..

In regards to the 529 members sentenced, the decision was made in two days time which is a complete farce.  The large majority of those sentenced to death are missing, or in hiding, leaving them to be tried in absentia.  If one is tried in absentia, the maximum sentence possible is given. Now if the person is ever caught or turns themselves in, they get their chance to a trial but, with the Egyptian military running things, it is a lose-lose..  The government has deemed them terrorists and, much like the past, will continue to eradicate them.

More Troubles Ahead:

But even more worrisome news came out of Egypt this week.  As reported by Al Jazeera, the Egpytian court has banned any activities by the April 6 Youth Movement.

The April 6 youth movement was instrumental during the ‘Arab Spring’ protests, and are not known for any sort of violent acts.  The movement was made up of young, secular, and educated people trying to fix their broken political system, but they were accused of tarnishing the reputation of the state even after they supported the overthrow of Morsi.

As any good democratic group would do, they began speaking out against the autocratic military who became another hindrance for their country.  This problem, coupled with the death sentences of hundreds of Muslim brotherhood members, shows that the military is clearing the board of opposition in hopes to retain indefinite power.  There is no transparency, no freedom of speech, and no political plurality freedoms to speak of.

Lazy Activism does not support Islamist messages and tactics, but the government’s tactics to wipe them out is going to backfire.  International groups and foreign governments condemned the act and, in regards to America, they are already withholding financial aid to Egypt due to poor behavior. The second problem for Egypt is that, when an Islamist is killed, two more recruits take his place. At this moment, the cycle of repression, violence, and brief hope seems poised to continue on and with no real end in sight.  Egypt cannot have a dictator, a selective justice system, and no political debate and then expect to become a flourishing, modern democracy.

The Middle East Stories: Progress and Regression

There’s always news coming out of the world’s most tumultuous region, but a few stories regarding Islam and the Middle East have piqued interest as of late. People’s views on Islam and Arab culture have been solidified by extreme events of terrorism and vitriolic rhetoric that the world should know only represents a small minority. Islam is an old, complex religion that cannot be reduced to stereotype and oversimplifications.

These two stories hail from different Muslim majority nations and help to highlight the intricacy of the region. There are no two countries that are the same and not even a shared religion solidifies similar policy. The cases described below help frame the evolving nature of Arab culture, its relationship with Islam, and it’s compatibility with 21st century human rights issues.

Lebanon Makes Human Rights Progress:

Earlier this month in Lebanon, a judge struck down a notorious piece of legislation that makes homosexual sex a crime. The law in question was Article 534 of the Lebanese Penal Code and it states that “sexual intercourse contrary to nature” is a punishable offense. Abolishing this law is a progressive achievement in the Middle East and Islamic world, but it should not be as big of a surprise if one looks at Lebanese demographics:

  • 54% Muslim population
  • 39% Christian
  • 6% Druze

With the best percentages of religious diversity in the area, Lebanon is one of the most accepting of human rights. WIth more diversity and coexisting, tolerance forms.

In regards to Article 534, the decision was built off of a 2009 precedent case where the judge ruled that sexual relations between two consenting homosexuals was not against nature because “man is part of nature and is one of its elements, so it cannot be said that any one of his practices, or any one of his behaviors goes against nature, even if it is criminal behavior, because it is nature’s ruling.”
What a remarkably secular and rational explanation, if only other parts of the Muslim world could adopt such views. Even many American’s could learn something from that.

According to a PEW study in 2013 60% of Americans believe society should accept homosexuality but 45% of the country still think it’s a sin. No data could be found about American’s views on punishment but, more than likely, the number would be extremely low.

Unfortunately, other parts of the Muslim world do have opinions on punishment for homosexuality and they are harsh. There are forty-nine Muslim majority countries on Earth and all but a handful have laws in which homosexuality is illegal as this map from the Washington Post displays.

Out of all those countries, ten enforce the death penalty for homosexuality which is in accordance with Sharia law. It is disheartening to see many countries still using archaic rules that trample on human rights, but hopefully countries like Lebanon become beacons of hope for the region and the religion.

Saudi Arabia Sees Enemies Everywhere:

Within the past week, the kingdom of Saudi Arabia took drastic steps in labeling enemies of the state. This new law, or rather, this new royal decree, sets up a system where just about any thought or action against the state is considered a terrorist activity. But it isn’t just things contrary to the state, it also expands to anything threatening Islam.

As a theocracy, Saudi Arabia combines church and state which leaves very little wiggle room for opposition. Any dissent against Islam is dissent against the state and vice versa. This dangerous stance basically abolishes free speech and tosses liberties aside with reckless abandon. Also at stake is religious freedom which has subsequently become non-existent overnight.

With one broad stroke the kingdom labeled its enemies, creating dire circumstances for many with disparate beliefs. One such endangered minority are atheists. Nonbelievers are now terrorists even if they’re committed to the monarchy and its aims.

This repression of religious, rather, non-religious freedom does a great disservice to Islam. There are parts of the faith that are not kind to non-Muslims, but most modern day moderates have no problem with those outside of their faith. Now an entire Muslim country with close ties to America has quelched freedoms that are commonplace in all of the world’s developed countries.

According to Human Rights Watch, the language in the decree is very disconcerting. The law states anyone “calling for atheist thought in any form, or calling into question the fundamentals of the Islamic religion on which this country is based” is subject to punishment. Is this an Orwellian example of thoughtcrime?

Saudi Arabia is a Muslim majority country that practices a special sect of Islam called Wahhabism. Wahhabism, as one could probably have guessed by now, is an ultra conservative viewpoint. The move is shocking, but not without logic by the Saudis. As Brian Whitaker of the Arab news blog “al-Bab”  states, “since the entire system of government is based on Wahhabi interpretations of Islam, non-believers are assumed to be enemies of the Saudi state”. The rationale is there for an autocratic monarchy to maintain dominion over their populous, but this is not representative view.

A 2012 WIN/Gallup International poll found that almost 25% of Saudis described themselves as not religious. Over that group, 5% declared themselves outright atheists. Going off of those statistics, a quarter of the population could be considered enemy combatants. Those numbers are important and larger than the Saudi kingdom would like to admit, but the monarchy will probably ignore those numbers and continue to rule on their own narrow terms.

The ebb and flow of progress is indicative of an always changing set of societies that place value in disparate discordant entities. Yet, there should be something all countries of the world agree on: freedom of equality. Lebanon needs to continue to press for equality, while Saudi Arabia needs to guarantee freedoms for all their citizens. A tight grip on people led to the Arab Spring, so thinking a tighter one to be beneficial will definitely become a problem in the kingdom.